30 September 2020. Otherwise, New Caledonia will remain a French territory. Now the Pacific island territory has a government made up mostly of pro-independence politicians and the congress is expected to select a new president this month. In addition to nickel, substantial financial support from France - equal to more than one-fourth of GDP - and tourism are keys to the health of the economy. Found insideIn the Second World War, New Caledonia became a southern base in the Allied ... did the Kanak minority become militant in an effort to gain independence. Wikimedia Commons In the late 17th century, Scotland was in financial ruins and desperate to . He repeated a warning about a "new hegemony" in the region, seen as a reference to China, which has become more assertive and influential in the Pacific. Reporting by Lidia Kelly in Melbourne and Mathieu Rosemain in Paris; Writing by Lidia Kelly and Richard Lough Editing by William Mallard and Angus MacSwan. New Caledonia: very divided positions for a second referendum on independence New Caledonian voters will have to say "yes" or "no" to independence from France for the second time in two years. An earlier version of this story misspelled the name of Michel Villar as Michel Villa. "It's a minority of political parties that are demanding — contrary to the New Caledonian Congress, who are voting every two years for a referendum on independence.". France's relationship with the United States is "all enhanced by France's sovereign presence in the South Pacific," Fisher says. But there's more at stake than just nickel, say analysts. hide caption. In a vote that marked a milestone in a three-decade decolonization effort, 46.7% supported independence. For a third referendum to take place, a third of the local assembly in New Caledonia must vote in favour of one. New Caledonia and Tahiti remain part of France today. More than 174,000 registered voters are invited to answer the question- "Do you want New Caledonia to gain full sovereignty and become independent?" . New Caledonia and nickel mining: toward environmental compensation. In New Caledonia, campaigners for and against independence used social media to mobilise new constituencies, Nic Maclellan writes. Despite the failure of the motion, New Caledonians, under the terms of the Nouméa Accord, had the opportunity to vote again in 2020. what did New Zealand become, which was considered a part of the British colony of New South Wales in Australia at the time of the treaty? Learn more about New Caledonia here. . The archipelago voted to remain French . Turnout was high at 85.6% of eligible voters - after a stronger-than-expected independence vote in the 2018 referendum. Over the past two years, nearly 6,000 new voters have been added. Found inside – Page 24By the 1880s more than half of the adult males of New Hebrides were ... 200 or so people remained.4 In 1980 New Hebrides would gain independence from France ... [13], Voulez-vous que la Nouvelle-Calédonie accède à la pleine souveraineté et devienne indépendante ? The 2018 deadline for the status . Found inside – Page 1194... 1962 when Western Samoa achieved independence from New Zealand and continued ... with the political independence of French Polynesia and New Caledonia ... Tensions have long run deep between pro-independence indigenous Kanaks and descendants of colonial settlers who remain loyal to Paris. Though GDP per capita (nominal) is high at $38,921 and though New Caledonia is a major producer of nickel, there is significant inequality in income distribution, with many claiming that the mining revenue benefits people outside the territory and its (declining) mining communities.[6]. Found inside – Page 180The Rise of Nationalism in New Caledonia David A. Chappell ... Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu had become independent since 1970, ... NOUMEA: A New Caledonia independence supporter was voted in as president of the French Pacific territory on Thursday, just months ahead of a third and final referendum on a breakaway. ", Polling stations—a total of 284, distributed across all New Caledonia's communes—were open from 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. on 4 November. On 30 July 1980, cheering crowds filled the capital. The Waltz 3. Found inside – Page 258... the Kanaks entered a phase of armed struggle to gain independence. ... sets up a progressive agenda for the transfer of certain powers to New Caledonia, ... Located in the southeast of the Pacific Ocean, New Caledonia is preparing to hold the last of the referendum to gain independence from France, with the first two voting "no". Found inside – Page 272... a newly - independent archipelagic state was to gain its independence from ... 45 New Caledonia would be eligible to claim archipelagic status if it was ... The result will bring relief to President Emmanuel Macron’s government, whose attention had been focused on the coronavirus pandemic in the run-up to the referendum. Found insideThese include New Caledonia, Guam and American Samoa. Yet most nations did gain independence, often after bitter wars and many years. [17][18] Vote restriction restricts the voting power of recent inhabitants— derogatively known as Zoreilles—and enlarges the voting power of native Kanaks, and was long sought after by FLNKS. The future of Australia's near neighbour, New Caledonia, is uncertain, with signs of a return to the instability and violence of the 1980s. Non-independence narrowly prevailed in a referendum held today in New Caledonia, the French archipelago in the South Pacific, with 53 percent of the vote, showing partial results based on 70 . Prior to the vote, the government and authorities in Metropolitan France stated that they would recognise and abide by the results of the referendum. This page was last edited on 13 August 2021, at 06:01. - America wins the Oregon boundary dispute, and thus annexes all of Oregon. That New Caledonia rejected independence from France is incidental. In 2018, the first plebiscite was held in the region, and 57 percent of the voters had opted to remain with France. New Caledonia, an island chain . Afghanistan: 19 August 1919 (from UK control over Afghan foreign affairs) Albania: 28 November 1912 (from Ottoman Empire) Algeria: 5 July 1962 (from France) American Samoa: none (territory of the US) Andorra: 1278 (was formed under the joint suzerainty of France and the Bishop of Urgell) If New Caledonia votes to stay, there could be up to two more referenda on independence Only long-term residents of New Caledonia are allowed to vote A poll last year showed more than half of the . This government change comes at a pivotal time in a long struggle for independence defined by deep racial divisions. [3], Aloisio Sako, a leading member of the independentist FLNKS and president of the Pacific Democratic Rally, a political party representing ethnic Wallians and Futunians in New Caledonia, was optimistic about what he saw as a narrow loss for his side, saying "We're a short step away from victory and there are still two votes to come". This referendum and the previous one are the culmination of a 20-year process set in motion by the Nouméa Accord of 1998, when the French government agreed to gradually transfer power to the islands' own institutions. Two years ago, 56.4% of voters who participated in a similar referendum chose to keep ties with Paris instead of backing independence. Cuba. However, Vanuatu's Independence Day - like its 74 years of Condominium history - was soured by its colonial masters. Of 21,630 convicts sent to New Caledonia, 2,680 were given land; 52 percent of them had to forfeit their lands because of misconduct or inability to put the land to use. In the 2018 referendum, 43.6% of voters favored leaving France. Found inside – Page 415Small indépendantiste groups remain ac- tive but have failed to gain political power. In New Caledonia, the struggle between indépendantistes and ... Both moves are intended primarily to draw world attention, diplomats say. period of deadly civil unrest in the 1980s. This was the second referendum conducted in New Caledonia. Found inside – Page 58Papua New Guinea 'Serious' Economic Ties With France Resumed BK0811040891 ... to give political independence to New Caledonia's indigenous Kanak people. The flag of Kanaky flies high above the FLNKS final rally in Ko We Kara, Nouméa, New Caledonia. However, 21 percent of the population lives below the poverty line and unemployment stands at 14 percent. [22], The turnout rate of over 80%, surpassing figures reported in both the 2014 election for the territorial Congress and the 2017 French presidential election,[23] was also described as "exceptional".[20]. New Hampshire did not lose control of the area. The territory's nickel industry is dominated by foreign companies, with France's Eramet conglomerate the largest nickel mine owner. Since November 1998, Caledonians have been asked to seek symbols of a "new citizenship" with which all . Analysts say any new referendum in New Caledonia will be closely monitored by its Pacific neighbors big and small. Found inside – Page 73less than a month of the coming to power of the new government, ... to gain experience and increase its credibility, the Independence Front made it clear ... Mathurin Derel/AP Found inside – Page 345Reminiscences from the Anglo-French Condominium of the New Hebrides Brian J. ... take over from the Administration , even if we did not gain independence . The French government, from more than 16,000 kilometres (10,000 miles) away, subsidises the territory with around 1.5 billion euros ($1.75 billion) every year, the equivalent of more than 15 percent of New Caledonia's gross domestic product. At the same time, FLNKS calls for independence mounted. Croatia. September 1987 : Unabhängigkeit / Verbleib bei Frankreich -- [in German]", "Nouvelle-Calédonie : 5 questions sur le référendum de dimanche", "Nouvelle-Calédonie : ce que contient l'" accord politique " sur le référendum d'autodétermination", "La liste spéciale pour le référendum (LESC) / Les électeurs / Référendum 2018 / Politiques publiques / Accueil - Les services de l'État en Nouvelle-Calédonie", "Référendum en Nouvelle-Calédonie: pourquoi les "Zoreille" n'ont pas le droit de voter", "Le corps électoral : la liste spéciale pour le référendum (LESC)", "The New Caledonian Referendum on Independence (Part 2): The Vote", "New Caledonia Legal system - Government", "Référendum en Nouvelle-Calédonie : Combien d'électeurs Kanak sur la liste électorale référendaire ? New Caledonia is an Overseas Territory of France and will be the last of the Melanesian . hide caption. He says his party have been pushing for a similar path to independence as New Caledonia's. Analysis of the November 2018 consultation on self-determination, Mapping Narratives of Self-Determination, National Identity, and (Re)balancing in New Caledonia, "New Caledonia, French Leaders Look To Finalize Plans For 2018 Referendum | Pacific Islands Report", "New Caledonia sets date for independence referendum", "New Caledonia Referendum: Call to Reject 'Colonising Power' France", "Prov2 – Principales caractéristiques des individus, par province de résidence et genre", "New Caledonia referendum: call to reject 'colonising power' France", "Trust and Non-Self-Governing Territories (1945-1999)", "Neukaledonien (Frankreich), 13. "France would not be the same without New Caledonia," Macron told local dignitaries, RFI reported in 2018. Sunday’s referendum was the second of up to three permitted under the terms of the 1998 Noumea Accord, an agreement enshrined in France’s constitution and which set out a 20-year path towards decolonisation. Found inside – Page 115... New Caledonia independence supporters and French loyalists agreed to hold a ... independence supporters won twenty-five of fifty-four seats, a gain of ... When a pro-independence coalition known as FLNKS (the French acronym for the Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front) emerged with a majority for the first time since 1999 after snap elections on Feb. 17, it marked a "significant turning point," says Nic Maclellan, who covers New Caledonia for Islands Business magazine. [7] The 1987 New Caledonia independence referendum, the first referendum on independence, was held the following year on 13 September 1987, but independence was rejected by a large majority, with 842 people (1.7%) voting for independence and 48,611 people (98.3%) voting to remain a part of France. Voters were given pre-printed ballot papers marked OUI (yes) and NON (no) and instructed to indicate their choice by placing one of the two inside an envelope and depositing it in the ballot box. To be registered on the LESC, voters had to fulfill at least one of the following conditions: A total of 35,948 registered voters on the general list were thus excluded from the vote, equating to 17.11% out of a total of 210,105 registered voters on the general electoral roll. This detailed and timely examination of fundamental issues of statehood and recognition, self-determination and the rights of indigenous peoples includes analysis of some of the most controversial examples of disputed territorial status, ... New Caledonia’s independence referendum: Local and regional implications. Independence supporters there are watching New Caledonia with particular interest "because whatever happens in New Caledonia will impact us, too," says Michel Villar, a political adviser for Tavini Huiraatira, French Polynesia's main pro-independence party. Independence ; two others had greater than 90 % opposition to independence as Vanuatu 1980... 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